Preventing and Managing High Blood Pressure

Understanding High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure, or hypertension, is often called the "silent killer" because it usually has no symptoms. Nearly half of U.S. adults have it, but only 1 in 4 keep it under control, according to the CDC. It develops over time due to factors like inactivity, poor diet, obesity or diabetes.

Health Risks of High Blood Pressure
Elevated blood pressure increases the risk of damage to the heart, brain, kidneys and eyes:

1. Heart: Stiffens arteries, reducing blood flow and potentially causing chest pain, heart disease or heart attacks.

2. Brain: Damaged arteries can lead to strokes, which may impair speech, movement or cognition. Midlife hypertension is also linked to cognitive decline later in life.

Managing High Blood Pressure
Lifestyle Changes:

1. Be active: Aim for 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly (e.g., walking, swimming, cycling).

2. Focus on diet: Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy and low saturated fats. The DASH and Mediterranean diets are excellent choices.

3. Maintain a healthy weight, manage stress, limit alcohol and avoid smoking.

Medications:
If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, doctors may prescribe medications to lower blood pressure. Always take medications as directed and consult your doctor before stopping.

The Need for Regular Screenings
Since hypertension has no symptoms, regular screenings are important. Measure your blood pressure at your doctor’s office, pharmacy or home. Speak with your provider about the proper technique and how often to monitor your levels. Early detection can help prevent serious complications.